Gun mechanism



0 V. PAYNEl GUN MECHANISM.

APPLICATION F|LDJuNE29,192o.

Patented Dec. 28, 1920.

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0. V. PAYNE.

GUN MECHANISM.

APPLICATIoN FILED :UNE 29. 1920.

Patented 1m. 28,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l 730e 7@ 058cm 736 OSCAR V. PAYNE, OF CLEVELAND, OI-IO, ASSIGNOR TO AUTO-ORDNANCE CORPORA- TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GUN MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dee. 28, 1920.

Application filed June 29, 1920. Serial No. 392,;765;

To all whom t may concer/n:

Be it known that l, Osonn V. PAYNE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gun Mechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to firearms and more particularly to a new and improved ejector and ejector securing device, the securing device being of a type readily assembled or dismantled without the use of tools and combining with its function of securing the ejector that of securing in place other adjacent and related portions of the Gun. a One of the most important requirements of modern firearms is ease and rapidity of take down or dismantling and of assembly. In line with this requirement it is highly desirable to limit the number of parts and particularly the number of fastening elements. These elements should be capable of manipulation without tools. Another important requirement lies in the limitation of weight and obviously this requirement is attained by limiting both number and size of parts.

It is essential in the use of automatic or semi-automatic arms where the bolt action takes place at a very high linear velocity that an ejector be provided which is equally quick in its action. A positively operated ejector of the bell-crank or similar well known type is objectionable for the reason that an element of its small size and small available pivot area is incapable of long standing up under the heavy and sudden opposite stresses set up in its actuation and in the ejection of the cartridge forced against it.

lt is an object of my invention to provide a new and improved ejector and ejector retaining means, the latter also functioning in retaining other portions of the gun structure and beingr of a type readily dismantled and assembled without the use of tools. It is a further object to provide an ejector which is rapid in operation and effective in use, which is composed of but few and simple parts and is relatively inexpensive to manufacture. Other and further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention in the accompanying drawings n which- Figure 1 is a horizontal section, partly broken away, showing my invention applied to algun, the bolt being closed;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the ejector retainino' device; a

3 is a bottom view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the ejector;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the bolt open;

F 6 is an end view of the bolt; and

Fig. 7 is a side view of a portion of the receiver.

l have illustrated my improved ejector and ejector retainer as applied to a gun described and claimed in my application Serial No, 353,704, iled Dec. 18, 1919. The `gun comprises the barrel 11, receiver 12, tubular locking member 13, bolt 14, bolt handle 15, extractor 16, firing pin 17, sleeve 18, recoil housing 19, shutter20, recoil spring 21 and recoil buffer 22. The bolt is provided with locking lugs 23 which are adapted to coact with similar lugs upon the locking sleeve 13.

The receiver is provided with the lateral ejection opening 24. As shown in Fig. 7, the side of the receiver is provided with two spaced circular openings, the rearward opening 25A and the middle threaded opening 26, and also with a forward opening 27 the outer portion of which iscircular in cross section. This opening 27 is not cut all of the way through the heavier portion of the receiver forward of the locking sleeve 13 but opposed lugs 28 are left in place to guide the ejector in its motion.

The forward face of the bolt as shown in Fig. 6, is intersected by the ejectorslot 29. The bolt face in the gure is shown in its closed position, but when opened the bolt is rotated approximately 110 in the clockwise direction and the slotf29 will be located horizontallg,7 as shown in Fig. 5 when the bolt' is retracted.

The ejector 30 comprises the lower tubular body 31 and the upper diametrically eX- tending ejection fin 32. rlhe ejector is pressed upward by the coil spring 33, the base of which is seated in the arcuate cavity 34 in the ejector retainer or catch 35. The

vcentral stud 36 is secured to the receiver by being threaded into the opening 26. While obviously the end of the ejector securing device may be secured in place on the receiver by any desired form of coacting elements, in the preferred form shown in the drawing it is secured to the receiver by means of the stud 37 fitting the opening 25 in the receiver. The stud 36 has its lower portion threaded and its upper portion smooth and somewhat reduced in size, the threaded portion screwing into the opening 26 in the receiver and the smooth portion fitting into an opening 26 in the locking sleeve as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The portion of the catch between studs 36 and 37 is sufficiently iiexible so that theistud 37 may be sprung into or out of the opening 25 after the stud 36 has been threaded into place. As is shown in Figs. 1 and 5 the stud 37 extends through the receiver 12 and into an opening 25 in the forward portion of the recoil housing 19.

In assembling the ejector and its retainer upon the receiver, the stud 3G is screwed into the opening 26 until it is slightly in advance of its normal position, in a clockwise direction as the receiver is viewed in Fig. 7. The ejector 30 is now inserted between the lugs 28 and the spring 33 is inserted in the` cavity on the base of the ejector and pressed inward. The ejector retainer is then rotated backwardly until the base of spring is seated in the arcuate cavity 34 and the lug 37 is snapped into place.

Vlien the breech is in its closed in position as shown in Fig. 1, the nose of the ejection fin rides upon thecylindric surface of the bolt 14, the spring 33 being compressed. During the latter portion of the rearward movement of the bolt the ejector rides up the slot 29 and assumes the position shown in Fig. 5 and contacts with and ejects the cartridge through the opening 2.11, in the receiver.

The ejector is comparatively light and its inertia is insufficient to retard its movement under the impulse of the spring 33 even when that spring is made relatively small. rI"he ejector is therefore very rapid in its action and will operate satisfactorily even with bolts having exceedingly high linear velocity of movement.

The locking sleeve 13, which` is threaded into the receiver is retained against rotation by the lug 36 and the recoil housing 19 which isvheld to the receiver by interrupted threads isretained against rotation by the lug 37. The ejector retainer thus., has a' triple function in retaining locked in place the ejector, locking sleeve and` recoil housing. The retainer may be readily and quickly removed and replaced without the aid of tools and this greatly facilitates the dismantling or assembly of the entire piece.

I claim:

1. In a gun, a receiver having` an ejector opening extending through its wall, a separate retaining device for the ejector lying along the outer wall of the receiver, and

means for interengaging said device with said receiver at a point spaced away from said opening.

2. In a gun, a receiver, having an ejector opening extending through its wall, a retaining device for the ejector lying along the outer wall of the receiver and having a portion adapted to cover the ejector opening, the covering portion being disposed substantially wholly outside said opening and having a cavity adapted to be alined with the opening.

3. In a gun, a receiver, having an ejector opening extending through its wall, a retaining device for the ejector lying along the outer wall of the receiver and having a portion adapted to cover the ejector opening, the covering portion having a cavity adaptedto be alined with the ejector opening, the cavity extending laterally through a side of the retaining device whereby the portion may be moved to retain the ejector after the latter has been inserted in the opening.

4. In a gun, a receiver, an ejector fitted therein, and a restraining device for the ejector, the ejector interfitting in a cavity in the restraining device, said cavity having sufficient depth to permit the ejector to move longitudinally therein andhaving an opening in one side to permit lateral movement of the ejector and devicerelatively to each other.

5. In a guna receiver having a circular opening extendingv inwardly partially through the wall thereof and a slot extending from the bottom of the opening through the remaining thickness of the wall, an ejector having a circular body slidably fitting in said openin anda flat nose projecting through said sIot, and aretainer separate from said ejector for retainingA the ejector in said opening.

6. In a gun, areceiver, any ejector fitted radially-therein, and a retaining device for the ejector adapted to be attached to the receiver by` meansof a, lug threaded into the receiver, the retaining device .having an eX- tended. resilientV portion adapted to be snapped into engagement` with a co-acting ortion of the. receiver after the threaded ug has beenscrewed into the receiver.

In a gun, a receiver, a locking` sleeve associatedtherewith, an ejector fitted therein, a member adaptedto retain theejector in thefreceiver, the member being attached to the receiver by means of` a lugf threaded intov the receiver, the retaining device having an extended resilient portion with a second lug thereon adapted to be snapped into an opening inthe receiver after the threaded lug has been screwed into the receiver, the threaded lug serving to retain the locking sleeve associated with the receiver.

8. In a gun, a receiver, a lockingv sleeve and a recoil housing associated therewith, an ejector fitted therein, a member adapted to retain the ejector in the receiver, the member being attached to the receiver by means of a lug threaded into the receiver, the retaining device having an extended resilient portion with a second lug thereon adapted to be snapped into opening in the receiver after the threaded lug has been screwed into the receiver, the threaded lug serving to retain the locking sleeve associated with the receiver, and the second lug serving to retain the recoil housing associated with the receiver.

9. In a gun, a receiver, a locking sleeve associated therewith, an ejector and an ejector retaining device, the ejector retaining device also serving to retain the loclring'sleeve in association with the receiver.

l0. In a gun, a receiver, a locking sleeve and recoil housing associated therewith, an ejector and an ejector retaining device, the ejector retaining device also serving to retain the locking sleeve and recoil housing in association with the receiver.

11. In a gun, a receiver, an ejector tting in an opening in said receiver and retaining means for the ejector adapted t0 be pivotedly associated with the receiver at a point spaced from the ejector opening and arranged to extend over said opening to retain the ejector in theA opening.

12. In a gun, a receiver, an ejector tting in an opening in said receiver and retaining means for the ejector adapted to be pivotedly associated with the receiver adjacent the ejector opening, the retaining means being formed with an ejector retaining cavity laterally extended through the side of the retaining means whereby it may be rotated into engagement with the ejector.

13. ln a gun, a receiver, an ejector fitting in an opening in said receiver and retaining means for the ejector adapted to be pivotedly associated with the receiver adjacent the ejector opening, the retaining means having an extended resilient portion with a lug adapted to co-act with the receiver to retain the retaining means -in predetermined position. V

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this 24th day of June, 1920.

OSCAR V. PAYNE. 

